產(chǎn)品詳情
                        
                        
            簡單介紹:
        
        
            鋁合金光譜儀單點樣標樣 鋁基光譜標準樣品:鋁中的殘留物、鋁硅合金、鋁硅銅合金、鋁銅合金、鋁銅銀合金、鋁銅硅合金、鋁鋅合金、鋁鋅鎂銅合金、鋁鎂合金、鋁錳合金、鋁鍶合金、犧牲陽極、壓縮粉末合金。
        
    
            詳情介紹:
        
                                               鋁合金光譜儀單點樣標樣
鋁基光譜標準樣品:鋁中的殘留物、鋁硅合金、鋁硅銅合金、鋁銅合金、鋁銅銀合金、鋁銅硅合金、鋁鋅合金、鋁鋅鎂銅合金、鋁鎂合金、鋁錳合金、鋁鍶合金、犧牲陽極、壓縮粉末合金。
| 
             標 樣 
            編 號 
             | 
            
             標 樣 
            名 稱 
             | 
            
             標        樣        成        分        % 
             | 
        ||||||||||
| 
             Si 
             | 
            
             Fe 
             | 
            
             Cu 
             | 
            
             Mn 
             | 
            
             Mg 
             | 
            
             Ni 
             | 
            
             Zn 
             | 
            
             Ti 
             | 
            
             Pb 
             | 
            
             Sn 
             | 
            
             Sr 
             | 
        ||
| 
             E931b 
             | 
            
             ZLD101a.A356 
             | 
            
             7.61 
             | 
            
             0.246 
             | 
            
             0.081 
             | 
            
             0.081 
             | 
            
             0.228 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             0.073 
             | 
            
             0.164 
             | 
            
             0.0048 
             | 
            
             0.0023* 
             | 
            
             0.018 
             | 
        
| 
             E932a 
             | 
            
             ZLD102 
             | 
            
             11.76 
             | 
            
             0.826 
             | 
            
             0.545 
             | 
            
             0.519 
             | 
            
             0.029 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             0.276 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
        
| 
             E933a 
             | 
            
             Y112 
             | 
            
             8.27 
             | 
            
             0.895 
             | 
            
             3.48 
             | 
            
             0.330 
             | 
            
             0.138 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             0.889 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
        
| 
             E934 
             | 
            
             4004 
             | 
            
             10.24 
             | 
            
             0.678 
             | 
            
             0.227 
             | 
            
             0.066 
             | 
            
             1.45 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             0.170 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
        
| 
             E935a 
             | 
            
             LY12 
             | 
            
             0.321 
             | 
            
             0.440 
             | 
            
             4.52 
             | 
            
             0.701 
             | 
            
             1.61 
             | 
            
             0.026 
             | 
            
             0.229 
             | 
            
             0.083 
             | 
            
             Zr 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
        
| 
             E936 
             | 
            
             ZLD201 
             | 
            
             0.236 
             | 
            
             0.237 
             | 
            
             4.85 
             | 
            
             0.733 
             | 
            
             0.039 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             0.161 
             | 
            
             0.230 
             | 
            
             0.149 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
        
| 
             E937 
             | 
            
             ZLD107 
             | 
            
             7.18 
             | 
            
             0.204 
             | 
            
             3.99 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
        
| 
             | 
            
             標 樣 
            名 稱 
             | 
            
             標        樣        成        分        % 
             | 
        ||||||||||
| 
             Si 
             | 
            
             Fe 
             | 
            
             Cu 
             | 
            
             Mn 
             | 
            
             Mg 
             | 
            
             Cr 
             | 
            
             Ni 
             | 
            
             Zn 
             | 
            
             Ti 
             | 
            
             Zr 
             | 
            
             V 
             | 
        ||
| 
             K4004 
             | 
            
             ZLD4004 
             | 
            
             9.57 
             | 
            
             0.317 
             | 
            
             0.087 
             | 
            
             0.080 
             | 
            
             1.57 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             0.048* 
             | 
            
             0.202 
             | 
            
             0.046* 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
        
| 
             K101 
             | 
            
             ZLD101 
             | 
            
             6.85 
             | 
            
             0.129 
             | 
            
             0.085 
             | 
            
             0.088 
             | 
            
             0.455 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             0.250 
             | 
            
             0.122 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
        
| 
             K384a 
             | 
            
             ADC12 
             | 
            
             11.48 
             | 
            
             0.754 
             | 
            
             2.54 
             | 
            
             0.291 
             | 
            
             0.109 
             | 
            
             0.240 
             | 
            
             0.804 
             | 
            
             0.088 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
        
| 
             K2A50 
             | 
            
             2A50 
             | 
            
             0.930 
             | 
            
             0.246 
             | 
            
             2.18 
             | 
            
             0.599 
             | 
            
             0.612 
             | 
            
             0.035* 
             | 
            
             0.048* 
             | 
            
             0.109 
             | 
            
             0.097 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
        
| 
             K3104 
             | 
            
             3104 
             | 
            
             0.224 
             | 
            
             0.395 
             | 
            
             0.190 
             | 
            
             1.04 
             | 
            
             1.16 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             0.044* 
             | 
            
             0.106 
             | 
            
             0.036* 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             0.026 
             | 
        
| 
             K2014 
             | 
            
             2014 
             | 
            
             0.967 
             | 
            
             0.229 
             | 
            
             4.53 
             | 
            
             0.813 
             | 
            
             0.665 
             | 
            
             0.035* 
             | 
            
             0.038* 
             | 
            
             0.117 
             | 
            
             0.042* 
             | 
            
             0.040 
             | 
            
             | 
        
| 
             K5182 
             | 
            
             5182 
             | 
            
             0.0934 
             | 
            
             0.269 
             | 
            
             0.040 
             | 
            
             0.341 
             | 
            
             4.46 
             | 
            
             0.0485 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             0.108 
             | 
            
             0.0436 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
        
| 
             K5052 
             | 
            
             5052 
             | 
            
             0.0851 
             | 
            
             0.331 
             | 
            
             0.0446 
             | 
            
             0.0546 
             | 
            
             2.67 
             | 
            
             0.169 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             0.0387 
             | 
            
             0.0130 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
        
| 
             K5083 
             | 
            
             5083 
             | 
            
             0.0972 
             | 
            
             0.285 
             | 
            
             0.0480 
             | 
            
             0.566 
             | 
            
             4.74 
             | 
            
             0.0966 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             0.105 
             | 
            
             0.108 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
        
| 
             K5754 
             | 
            
             5754 
             | 
            
             0.0882 
             | 
            
             0.294 
             | 
            
             0.0710 
             | 
            
             0.248 
             | 
            
             3.08 
             | 
            
             0.0572 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             0.0947 
             | 
            
             0.105 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
        
| 
             K6063a 
             | 
            
             6063 
             | 
            
             0.407 
             | 
            
             0.219 
             | 
            
             0.043 
             | 
            
             0.052 
             | 
            
             0.62 
             | 
            
             0.045 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             0.045 
             | 
            
             0.051 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
        
| 
             K1235 
             | 
            
             1235 
             | 
            
             0.108 
             | 
            
             0.420 
             | 
            
             0.042 
             | 
            
             0.039 
             | 
            
             0.036 
             | 
            
             0.037 
             | 
            
             0.045 
             | 
            
             0.024 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             0.017 
             | 
        
| 
             E9101a 
             | 
            
             6061 
             | 
            
             0.579 
             | 
            
             0.459 
             | 
            
             0.275 
             | 
            
             0.108 
             | 
            
             1.03 
             | 
            
             0.196 
             | 
            
             0.032 
             | 
            
             0.164 
             | 
            
             0.095 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
        
| 
                          標 樣 
            編 號 
             | 
            
             控 樣 
            名 稱 
             | 
            
             標        樣        成        分        % 
             | 
        ||||||||||
| 
             Si 
             | 
            
             Fe 
             | 
            
             Cu 
             | 
            
             Mn 
             | 
            
             Mg 
             | 
            
             Cr 
             | 
            
             Ni 
             | 
            
             Zn 
             | 
            
             Ti 
             | 
            
             Zr 
             | 
            
             Be 
             | 
        ||
| 
             K7A19 
             | 
            
             7A19 
             | 
            
             0.145 
             | 
            
             0.221 
             | 
            
             0.196 
             | 
            
             0.438 
             | 
            
             1.59 
             | 
            
             0.135 
             | 
            
             0.041* 
             | 
            
             4.73 
             | 
            
             0.043* 
             | 
            
             0.115 
             | 
            
             0.0005 
             | 
        
| 
             K7A52 
             | 
            
             7A52 
             | 
            
             0.105 
             | 
            
             0.185 
             | 
            
             0.133 
             | 
            
             0.355 
             | 
            
             2.43 
             | 
            
             0.189 
             | 
            
             0.042* 
             | 
            
             4.15 
             | 
            
             0.075 
             | 
            
             0.092 
             | 
            
             | 
        
| 
             K2B06 
             | 
            
             2B06 
             | 
            
             0.090 
             | 
            
             0.171 
             | 
            
             4.09 
             | 
            
             0.602 
             | 
            
             2.10 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             0.039* 
             | 
            
             0.049* 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             0.0033 
             | 
        
| 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
        
| 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
        
其它單點標樣成分 
| 
             標 樣 
            編 號 
             | 
            
             標 樣 
            名 稱 
             | 
            
             標        樣        成        分        % 
             | 
        |||||||||||||||||||||
| 
             Si 
             | 
            
             Fe 
             | 
            
             Cu 
             | 
            
             Mn 
             | 
            
             Mg 
             | 
            
             Ni 
             | 
            
             Zn 
             | 
            
             Ti 
             | 
            
             B 
             | 
            
             V 
             | 
            
             Zr 
             | 
            
             Cd 
             | 
            
             Cr 
             | 
            
             Ga 
             | 
            
             Pb 
             | 
            
             Sn 
             | 
            
             Sr 
             | 
            
             P 
             | 
            
             Na 
             | 
            
             Ca 
             | 
            
             Sb 
             | 
            
             Be 
             | 
        ||
| 
             E610 
             | 
            
             LC4 
             | 
            
             0.207 
             | 
            
             0.342 
             | 
            
             0.767 
             | 
            
             0.434 
             | 
            
             1.17 
             | 
            
             0.036 
             | 
            
             4.70 
             | 
            
             0.121 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             0.077 
             | 
            
             0.098 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             0.230 
             | 
            
             0.044 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
        
| 
             E612 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             8.39 
             | 
            
             0.996 
             | 
            
             0.041 
             | 
            
             0.81 
             | 
            
             0.01 
             | 
            
             0.16 
             | 
            
             0.098 
             | 
            
             0.008 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             0.095 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
        
| 
             E608 
             | 
            
             LF6 
             | 
            
             0.254 
             | 
            
             0.276 
             | 
            
             0.080 
             | 
            
             0.614 
             | 
            
             7.75 
             | 
            
             0.053 
             | 
            
             0.106 
             | 
            
             0.128 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             0.102 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             18 
             | 
            
             0.0038 
             | 
        
| 
             E609 
             | 
            
             LY16 
             | 
            
             0.244 
             | 
            
             0.274 
             | 
            
             6.43 
             | 
            
             0.312 
             | 
            
             0.064 
             | 
            
             0.028 
             | 
            
             0.114 
             | 
            
             0.074 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             0.128 
             | 
            
             0.208 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
        
| 
             E3004 
             | 
            
             3104 
             | 
            
             0.216 
             | 
            
             0.385 
             | 
            
             0.203 
             | 
            
             0.985 
             | 
            
             1.23 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             0.014 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
        
| 
             E3003 
             | 
            
             JP1100 
             | 
            
             0.096 
             | 
            
             0.644 
             | 
            
             0.111 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             0.016 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
        
| 
             E3002-1 
             | 
            
             高純鋁 
             | 
            
             14ppm 
             | 
            
             15ppm 
             | 
            
             26ppm 
             | 
            
             5.1ppm 
             | 
            
             15ppm 
             | 
            
             3.6ppm 
             | 
            
             8.1ppm 
             | 
            
             3.8ppm 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             3.3ppm 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             3.6ppm 
             | 
            
             13ppm 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
        
| 
             E3002-2 
             | 
            
             16ppm 
             | 
            
             16ppm 
             | 
            
             19ppm 
             | 
            
             2.5ppm 
             | 
            
             23ppm 
             | 
            
             3.6ppm 
             | 
            
             8.1ppm 
             | 
            
             5.0ppm 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             3.1ppm 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             3.6ppm 
             | 
            
             4.6ppm 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
        |
| 
             E5200 
             | 
            
             純鋁系 
             | 
            
             0.125 
             | 
            
             0.494 
             | 
            
             0.111 
             | 
            
             0.150 
             | 
            
             0.960 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             0.025 
             | 
            
             0.016 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             0.018 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
        
| 
             E3001 
             | 
            
             純鋁 
             | 
            
             0.077 
             | 
            
             0.154 
             | 
            
             0.0019 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             0.0058 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             0.012 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
        
| 
             E817 
             | 
            
             ZL108 
             | 
            
             11.60 
             | 
            
             0.292 
             | 
            
             1.50 
             | 
            
             0.642 
             | 
            
             0.701 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
        
| 
             E819 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             5.82 
             | 
            
             0.571 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             0.133 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             0.070 
             | 
            
             0.050 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
        
| 
             E820 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             14.56* 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             0.073 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
        
| 
             E3114 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
        
| 
             E2231 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             0.029 
             | 
            
             0.066 
             | 
            
             3.89 
             | 
            
             0.070 
             | 
            
             0.145 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             0.342 
             | 
            
             0.403* 
             | 
            
             0.038* 
             | 
            
             0.017 
             | 
            
             0.011 
             | 
            
             0.245 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
        
| 
             E2236 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             0.089 
             | 
            
             0.114 
             | 
            
             4.97 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             0.471* 
             | 
            
             0.070* 
             | 
            
             0.018 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
        
| 
             E2237 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             0.046 
             | 
            
             0.090 
             | 
            
             5.08 
             | 
            
             0.437 
             | 
            
             0.050 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             0.112 
             | 
            
             0.310 
             | 
            
             0.060 
             | 
            
             0.116 
             | 
            
             0.116 
             | 
            
             0.181 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
        
| 
             E4116 
             | 
            
             7075 
             | 
            
             0.028 
             | 
            
             0.147 
             | 
            
             2.32 
             | 
            
             0.02 
             | 
            
             2.28 
             | 
            
             0.039 
             | 
            
             6.00 
             | 
            
             0.0127 
             | 
            
             —— 
             | 
            
             —— 
             | 
            
             0.108 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             0.0073 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
        
| 
             E4117 
             | 
            
             1235 
             | 
            
             0.071 
             | 
            
             0.429 
             | 
            
             0.0036 
             | 
            
             0.0037 
             | 
            
             0.0018 
             | 
            
             0.0108 
             | 
            
             0.021 
             | 
            
             0.0027 
             | 
            
             —— 
             | 
            
             0.0100 
             | 
            
             0.0101 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             0.0093 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
        
| 
             E4126 
             | 
            
             2B16 
             | 
            
             0.097 
             | 
            
             0.198 
             | 
            
             5.96 
             | 
            
             0.292 
             | 
            
             0.037 
             | 
            
             —— 
             | 
            
             —— 
             | 
            
             0.149 
             | 
            
             —— 
             | 
            
             0.088 
             | 
            
             0.160 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             —— 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
        
| 
             E4127 
             | 
            
             2A20 
             | 
            
             0.091 
             | 
            
             0.213 
             | 
            
             6.01 
             | 
            
             —— 
             | 
            
             0.0171 
             | 
            
             —— 
             | 
            
             0.020 
             | 
            
             0.107 
             | 
            
             0.083 
             | 
            
             0.157 
             | 
            
             —— 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             —— 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
        
| 
             4A11 
             | 
            
             LD11 
             | 
            
             11.92 
             | 
            
             0.508 
             | 
            
             0.750 
             | 
            
             0.084 
             | 
            
             1.18 
             | 
            
             0.903 
             | 
            
             0.171 
             | 
            
             0.093 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             0.043 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             0.0057* 
             | 
            
             0.0097* 
             | 
            
             0.040* 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
        
| 
             E6101 
             | 
            
             M142 
             | 
            
             12.12 
             | 
            
             0.517 
             | 
            
             3.00 
             | 
            
             0.080 
             | 
            
             0.729 
             | 
            
             2.15 
             | 
            
             0.068 
             | 
            
             0.113 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             0.076 
             | 
            
             0.114 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             0.046 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             0.036 
             | 
            
             0.028 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             0.0053* 
             | 
            
             4.8*ppm 
             | 
            
             6.2*ppm 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
        
| 
             E6103 
             | 
            
             AC9B 
             | 
            
             20.82 
             | 
            
             0.504 
             | 
            
             1.01 
             | 
            
             0.080 
             | 
            
             0.858 
             | 
            
             0.868 
             | 
            
             0.071 
             | 
            
             0.111 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             0.038 
             | 
            
             0.034 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             0.045 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             0.036 
             | 
            
             0.028 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             0.0062* 
             | 
            
             1.2*ppm 
             | 
            
             3.9*ppm 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
        
| 
             E520-1 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             8.55 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
        
| 
             E520-2 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             11.84.84 
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
            
             | 
        
         注:*——參考值。